diff --git a/modules/context/auth.go b/modules/context/auth.go
index 7cc29debb..5e071b4fa 100644
--- a/modules/context/auth.go
+++ b/modules/context/auth.go
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func Toggle(options *ToggleOptions) func(ctx *Context) {
 		}
 
 		if !options.SignOutRequired && !options.DisableCSRF && ctx.Req.Method == "POST" {
-			ctx.csrf.Validate(ctx)
+			ctx.Csrf.Validate(ctx)
 			if ctx.Written() {
 				return
 			}
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func Toggle(options *ToggleOptions) func(ctx *Context) {
 
 		// Redirect to log in page if auto-signin info is provided and has not signed in.
 		if !options.SignOutRequired && !ctx.IsSigned &&
-			len(ctx.GetCookie(setting.CookieUserName)) > 0 {
+			len(ctx.GetSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)) > 0 {
 			if ctx.Req.URL.Path != "/user/events" {
 				middleware.SetRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp, setting.AppSubURL+ctx.Req.URL.RequestURI())
 			}
diff --git a/modules/context/context.go b/modules/context/context.go
index e2e120ba3..cee533e42 100644
--- a/modules/context/context.go
+++ b/modules/context/context.go
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
 )
 
+const CookieNameFlash = "gitea_flash"
+
 // Render represents a template render
 type Render interface {
 	TemplateLookup(tmpl string) (*template.Template, error)
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ type Context struct {
 	Render   Render
 	translation.Locale
 	Cache   cache.Cache
-	csrf    CSRFProtector
+	Csrf    CSRFProtector
 	Flash   *middleware.Flash
 	Session session.Store
 
@@ -478,38 +480,26 @@ func (ctx *Context) Redirect(location string, status ...int) {
 	http.Redirect(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req, location, code)
 }
 
-// SetCookie convenience function to set most cookies consistently
+// SetSiteCookie convenience function to set most cookies consistently
 // CSRF and a few others are the exception here
-func (ctx *Context) SetCookie(name, value string, expiry int) {
-	middleware.SetCookie(ctx.Resp, name, value,
-		expiry,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		middleware.SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+func (ctx *Context) SetSiteCookie(name, value string, maxAge int) {
+	middleware.SetSiteCookie(ctx.Resp, name, value, maxAge)
 }
 
-// DeleteCookie convenience function to delete most cookies consistently
+// DeleteSiteCookie convenience function to delete most cookies consistently
 // CSRF and a few others are the exception here
-func (ctx *Context) DeleteCookie(name string) {
-	middleware.SetCookie(ctx.Resp, name, "",
-		-1,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		middleware.SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+func (ctx *Context) DeleteSiteCookie(name string) {
+	middleware.SetSiteCookie(ctx.Resp, name, "", -1)
 }
 
-// GetCookie returns given cookie value from request header.
-func (ctx *Context) GetCookie(name string) string {
-	return middleware.GetCookie(ctx.Req, name)
+// GetSiteCookie returns given cookie value from request header.
+func (ctx *Context) GetSiteCookie(name string) string {
+	return middleware.GetSiteCookie(ctx.Req, name)
 }
 
 // GetSuperSecureCookie returns given cookie value from request header with secret string.
 func (ctx *Context) GetSuperSecureCookie(secret, name string) (string, bool) {
-	val := ctx.GetCookie(name)
+	val := ctx.GetSiteCookie(name)
 	return ctx.CookieDecrypt(secret, val)
 }
 
@@ -530,10 +520,9 @@ func (ctx *Context) CookieDecrypt(secret, val string) (string, bool) {
 }
 
 // SetSuperSecureCookie sets given cookie value to response header with secret string.
-func (ctx *Context) SetSuperSecureCookie(secret, name, value string, expiry int) {
+func (ctx *Context) SetSuperSecureCookie(secret, name, value string, maxAge int) {
 	text := ctx.CookieEncrypt(secret, value)
-
-	ctx.SetCookie(name, text, expiry)
+	ctx.SetSiteCookie(name, text, maxAge)
 }
 
 // CookieEncrypt encrypts a given value using the provided secret
@@ -549,19 +538,19 @@ func (ctx *Context) CookieEncrypt(secret, value string) string {
 
 // GetCookieInt returns cookie result in int type.
 func (ctx *Context) GetCookieInt(name string) int {
-	r, _ := strconv.Atoi(ctx.GetCookie(name))
+	r, _ := strconv.Atoi(ctx.GetSiteCookie(name))
 	return r
 }
 
 // GetCookieInt64 returns cookie result in int64 type.
 func (ctx *Context) GetCookieInt64(name string) int64 {
-	r, _ := strconv.ParseInt(ctx.GetCookie(name), 10, 64)
+	r, _ := strconv.ParseInt(ctx.GetSiteCookie(name), 10, 64)
 	return r
 }
 
 // GetCookieFloat64 returns cookie result in float64 type.
 func (ctx *Context) GetCookieFloat64(name string) float64 {
-	v, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(ctx.GetCookie(name), 64)
+	v, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(ctx.GetSiteCookie(name), 64)
 	return v
 }
 
@@ -659,7 +648,10 @@ func WithContext(req *http.Request, ctx *Context) *http.Request {
 
 // GetContext retrieves install context from request
 func GetContext(req *http.Request) *Context {
-	return req.Context().Value(contextKey).(*Context)
+	if ctx, ok := req.Context().Value(contextKey).(*Context); ok {
+		return ctx
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // GetContextUser returns context user
@@ -726,13 +718,13 @@ func Contexter(ctx context.Context) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 			ctx.Data["Context"] = &ctx
 
 			ctx.Req = WithContext(req, &ctx)
-			ctx.csrf = PrepareCSRFProtector(csrfOpts, &ctx)
+			ctx.Csrf = PrepareCSRFProtector(csrfOpts, &ctx)
 
-			// Get flash.
-			flashCookie := ctx.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
-			vals, _ := url.ParseQuery(flashCookie)
-			if len(vals) > 0 {
-				f := &middleware.Flash{
+			// Get the last flash message from cookie
+			lastFlashCookie := middleware.GetSiteCookie(ctx.Req, CookieNameFlash)
+			if vals, _ := url.ParseQuery(lastFlashCookie); len(vals) > 0 {
+				// store last Flash message into the template data, to render it
+				ctx.Data["Flash"] = &middleware.Flash{
 					DataStore:  &ctx,
 					Values:     vals,
 					ErrorMsg:   vals.Get("error"),
@@ -740,40 +732,18 @@ func Contexter(ctx context.Context) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 					InfoMsg:    vals.Get("info"),
 					WarningMsg: vals.Get("warning"),
 				}
-				ctx.Data["Flash"] = f
 			}
 
-			f := &middleware.Flash{
-				DataStore:  &ctx,
-				Values:     url.Values{},
-				ErrorMsg:   "",
-				WarningMsg: "",
-				InfoMsg:    "",
-				SuccessMsg: "",
-			}
+			// prepare an empty Flash message for current request
+			ctx.Flash = &middleware.Flash{DataStore: &ctx, Values: url.Values{}}
 			ctx.Resp.Before(func(resp ResponseWriter) {
-				if flash := f.Encode(); len(flash) > 0 {
-					middleware.SetCookie(resp, "macaron_flash", flash, 0,
-						setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath,
-						middleware.Domain(setting.SessionConfig.Domain),
-						middleware.HTTPOnly(true),
-						middleware.Secure(setting.SessionConfig.Secure),
-						middleware.SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite),
-					)
-					return
+				if val := ctx.Flash.Encode(); val != "" {
+					middleware.SetSiteCookie(ctx.Resp, CookieNameFlash, val, 0)
+				} else if lastFlashCookie != "" {
+					middleware.SetSiteCookie(ctx.Resp, CookieNameFlash, "", -1)
 				}
-
-				middleware.SetCookie(ctx.Resp, "macaron_flash", "", -1,
-					setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath,
-					middleware.Domain(setting.SessionConfig.Domain),
-					middleware.HTTPOnly(true),
-					middleware.Secure(setting.SessionConfig.Secure),
-					middleware.SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite),
-				)
 			})
 
-			ctx.Flash = f
-
 			// If request sends files, parse them here otherwise the Query() can't be parsed and the CsrfToken will be invalid.
 			if ctx.Req.Method == "POST" && strings.Contains(ctx.Req.Header.Get("Content-Type"), "multipart/form-data") {
 				if err := ctx.Req.ParseMultipartForm(setting.Attachment.MaxSize << 20); err != nil && !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "EOF") { // 32MB max size
@@ -785,7 +755,7 @@ func Contexter(ctx context.Context) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 			httpcache.SetCacheControlInHeader(ctx.Resp.Header(), 0, "no-transform")
 			ctx.Resp.Header().Set(`X-Frame-Options`, setting.CORSConfig.XFrameOptions)
 
-			ctx.Data["CsrfToken"] = ctx.csrf.GetToken()
+			ctx.Data["CsrfToken"] = ctx.Csrf.GetToken()
 			ctx.Data["CsrfTokenHtml"] = template.HTML(`<input type="hidden" name="_csrf" value="` + ctx.Data["CsrfToken"].(string) + `">`)
 
 			// FIXME: do we really always need these setting? There should be someway to have to avoid having to always set these
diff --git a/modules/context/csrf.go b/modules/context/csrf.go
index 6639a8b00..9b0dc2923 100644
--- a/modules/context/csrf.go
+++ b/modules/context/csrf.go
@@ -42,37 +42,26 @@ type CSRFProtector interface {
 	GetToken() string
 	// Validate validates the token in http context.
 	Validate(ctx *Context)
+	// DeleteCookie deletes the cookie
+	DeleteCookie(ctx *Context)
 }
 
 type csrfProtector struct {
-	// Header name value for setting and getting csrf token.
-	Header string
-	// Form name value for setting and getting csrf token.
-	Form string
-	// Cookie name value for setting and getting csrf token.
-	Cookie string
-	// Cookie domain
-	CookieDomain string
-	// Cookie path
-	CookiePath string
-	// Cookie HttpOnly flag value used for the csrf token.
-	CookieHTTPOnly bool
+	opt CsrfOptions
 	// Token generated to pass via header, cookie, or hidden form value.
 	Token string
 	// This value must be unique per user.
 	ID string
-	// Secret used along with the unique id above to generate the Token.
-	Secret string
 }
 
 // GetHeaderName returns the name of the HTTP header for csrf token.
 func (c *csrfProtector) GetHeaderName() string {
-	return c.Header
+	return c.opt.Header
 }
 
 // GetFormName returns the name of the form value for csrf token.
 func (c *csrfProtector) GetFormName() string {
-	return c.Form
+	return c.opt.Form
 }
 
 // GetToken returns the current token. This is typically used
@@ -138,23 +127,32 @@ func prepareDefaultCsrfOptions(opt CsrfOptions) CsrfOptions {
 	if opt.SessionKey == "" {
 		opt.SessionKey = "uid"
 	}
+	if opt.CookieLifeTime == 0 {
+		opt.CookieLifeTime = int(CsrfTokenTimeout.Seconds())
+	}
+
 	opt.oldSessionKey = "_old_" + opt.SessionKey
 	return opt
 }
 
+func newCsrfCookie(c *csrfProtector, value string) *http.Cookie {
+	return &http.Cookie{
+		Name:     c.opt.Cookie,
+		Value:    value,
+		Path:     c.opt.CookiePath,
+		Domain:   c.opt.CookieDomain,
+		MaxAge:   c.opt.CookieLifeTime,
+		Secure:   c.opt.Secure,
+		HttpOnly: c.opt.CookieHTTPOnly,
+		SameSite: c.opt.SameSite,
+	}
+}
+
 // PrepareCSRFProtector returns a CSRFProtector to be used for every request.
 // Additionally, depending on options set, generated tokens will be sent via Header and/or Cookie.
 func PrepareCSRFProtector(opt CsrfOptions, ctx *Context) CSRFProtector {
 	opt = prepareDefaultCsrfOptions(opt)
-	x := &csrfProtector{
-		Secret:         opt.Secret,
-		Header:         opt.Header,
-		Form:           opt.Form,
-		Cookie:         opt.Cookie,
-		CookieDomain:   opt.CookieDomain,
-		CookiePath:     opt.CookiePath,
-		CookieHTTPOnly: opt.CookieHTTPOnly,
-	}
+	x := &csrfProtector{opt: opt}
 
 	if opt.Origin && len(ctx.Req.Header.Get("Origin")) > 0 {
 		return x
@@ -175,7 +173,7 @@ func PrepareCSRFProtector(opt CsrfOptions, ctx *Context) CSRFProtector {
 
 	oldUID := ctx.Session.Get(opt.oldSessionKey)
 	uidChanged := oldUID == nil || oldUID.(string) != x.ID
-	cookieToken := ctx.GetCookie(opt.Cookie)
+	cookieToken := ctx.GetSiteCookie(opt.Cookie)
 
 	needsNew := true
 	if uidChanged {
@@ -193,21 +191,10 @@ func PrepareCSRFProtector(opt CsrfOptions, ctx *Context) CSRFProtector {
 
 	if needsNew {
 		// FIXME: actionId.
-		x.Token = GenerateCsrfToken(x.Secret, x.ID, "POST", time.Now())
+		x.Token = GenerateCsrfToken(x.opt.Secret, x.ID, "POST", time.Now())
 		if opt.SetCookie {
-			var expires interface{}
-			if opt.CookieLifeTime == 0 {
-				expires = time.Now().Add(CsrfTokenTimeout)
-			}
-			middleware.SetCookie(ctx.Resp, opt.Cookie, x.Token,
-				opt.CookieLifeTime,
-				opt.CookiePath,
-				opt.CookieDomain,
-				opt.Secure,
-				opt.CookieHTTPOnly,
-				expires,
-				middleware.SameSite(opt.SameSite),
-			)
+			cookie := newCsrfCookie(x, x.Token)
+			ctx.Resp.Header().Add("Set-Cookie", cookie.String())
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -218,8 +205,8 @@ func PrepareCSRFProtector(opt CsrfOptions, ctx *Context) CSRFProtector {
 }
 
 func (c *csrfProtector) validateToken(ctx *Context, token string) {
-	if !ValidCsrfToken(token, c.Secret, c.ID, "POST", time.Now()) {
-		middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(ctx.Resp)
+	if !ValidCsrfToken(token, c.opt.Secret, c.ID, "POST", time.Now()) {
+		c.DeleteCookie(ctx)
 		if middleware.IsAPIPath(ctx.Req) {
 			// currently, there should be no access to the APIPath with CSRF token. because templates shouldn't use the `/api/` endpoints.
 			http.Error(ctx.Resp, "Invalid CSRF token.", http.StatusBadRequest)
@@ -245,3 +232,11 @@ func (c *csrfProtector) Validate(ctx *Context) {
 	}
 	c.validateToken(ctx, "") // no csrf token, use an empty token to respond error
 }
+
+func (c *csrfProtector) DeleteCookie(ctx *Context) {
+	if c.opt.SetCookie {
+		cookie := newCsrfCookie(c, "")
+		cookie.MaxAge = -1
+		ctx.Resp.Header().Add("Set-Cookie", cookie.String())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/setting/session.go b/modules/setting/session.go
index b8498335d..d0bc93897 100644
--- a/modules/setting/session.go
+++ b/modules/setting/session.go
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ var SessionConfig = struct {
 	ProviderConfig string
 	// Cookie name to save session ID. Default is "MacaronSession".
 	CookieName string
-	// Cookie path to store. Default is "/".
+	// Cookie path to store. Default is "/". HINT: there was a bug, the old value doesn't have trailing slash, and could be empty "".
 	CookiePath string
 	// GC interval time in seconds. Default is 3600.
 	Gclifetime int64
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func loadSessionFrom(rootCfg ConfigProvider) {
 		SessionConfig.ProviderConfig = path.Join(AppWorkPath, SessionConfig.ProviderConfig)
 	}
 	SessionConfig.CookieName = sec.Key("COOKIE_NAME").MustString("i_like_gitea")
-	SessionConfig.CookiePath = AppSubURL
+	SessionConfig.CookiePath = AppSubURL + "/" // there was a bug, old code only set CookePath=AppSubURL, no trailing slash
 	SessionConfig.Secure = sec.Key("COOKIE_SECURE").MustBool(false)
 	SessionConfig.Gclifetime = sec.Key("GC_INTERVAL_TIME").MustInt64(86400)
 	SessionConfig.Maxlifetime = sec.Key("SESSION_LIFE_TIME").MustInt64(86400)
diff --git a/modules/web/middleware/cookie.go b/modules/web/middleware/cookie.go
index 7c1aaf6da..621640895 100644
--- a/modules/web/middleware/cookie.go
+++ b/modules/web/middleware/cookie.go
@@ -7,184 +7,23 @@ package middleware
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
-	"time"
+	"strings"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 )
 
-// MaxAge sets the maximum age for a provided cookie
-func MaxAge(maxAge int) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.MaxAge = maxAge
-	}
-}
-
-// Path sets the path for a provided cookie
-func Path(path string) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.Path = path
-	}
-}
-
-// Domain sets the domain for a provided cookie
-func Domain(domain string) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.Domain = domain
-	}
-}
-
-// Secure sets the secure setting for a provided cookie
-func Secure(secure bool) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.Secure = secure
-	}
-}
-
-// HTTPOnly sets the HttpOnly setting for a provided cookie
-func HTTPOnly(httpOnly bool) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.HttpOnly = httpOnly
-	}
-}
-
-// Expires sets the expires and rawexpires for a provided cookie
-func Expires(expires time.Time) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.Expires = expires
-		c.RawExpires = expires.Format(time.UnixDate)
-	}
-}
-
-// SameSite sets the SameSite for a provided cookie
-func SameSite(sameSite http.SameSite) func(*http.Cookie) {
-	return func(c *http.Cookie) {
-		c.SameSite = sameSite
-	}
-}
-
-// NewCookie creates a cookie
-func NewCookie(name, value string, maxAge int) *http.Cookie {
-	return &http.Cookie{
-		Name:     name,
-		Value:    value,
-		HttpOnly: true,
-		Path:     setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath,
-		Domain:   setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
-		MaxAge:   maxAge,
-		Secure:   setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-	}
-}
-
 // SetRedirectToCookie convenience function to set the RedirectTo cookie consistently
 func SetRedirectToCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter, value string) {
-	SetCookie(resp, "redirect_to", value,
-		0,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		"",
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+	SetSiteCookie(resp, "redirect_to", value, 0)
 }
 
 // DeleteRedirectToCookie convenience function to delete most cookies consistently
 func DeleteRedirectToCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter) {
-	SetCookie(resp, "redirect_to", "",
-		-1,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		"",
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+	SetSiteCookie(resp, "redirect_to", "", -1)
 }
 
-// DeleteCSRFCookie convenience function to delete SessionConfigPath cookies consistently
-func DeleteCSRFCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter) {
-	SetCookie(resp, setting.CSRFCookieName, "",
-		-1,
-		setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Domain) // FIXME: Do we need to set the Secure, httpOnly and SameSite values too?
-}
-
-// SetCookie set the cookies. (name, value, lifetime, path, domain, secure, httponly, expires, {sameSite, ...})
-// TODO: Copied from gitea.com/macaron/macaron and should be improved after macaron removed.
-func SetCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter, name, value string, others ...interface{}) {
-	cookie := http.Cookie{}
-	cookie.Name = name
-	cookie.Value = url.QueryEscape(value)
-
-	if len(others) > 0 {
-		switch v := others[0].(type) {
-		case int:
-			cookie.MaxAge = v
-		case int64:
-			cookie.MaxAge = int(v)
-		case int32:
-			cookie.MaxAge = int(v)
-		case func(*http.Cookie):
-			v(&cookie)
-		}
-	}
-
-	cookie.Path = "/"
-	if len(others) > 1 {
-		if v, ok := others[1].(string); ok && len(v) > 0 {
-			cookie.Path = v
-		} else if v, ok := others[1].(func(*http.Cookie)); ok {
-			v(&cookie)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(others) > 2 {
-		if v, ok := others[2].(string); ok && len(v) > 0 {
-			cookie.Domain = v
-		} else if v, ok := others[2].(func(*http.Cookie)); ok {
-			v(&cookie)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(others) > 3 {
-		switch v := others[3].(type) {
-		case bool:
-			cookie.Secure = v
-		case func(*http.Cookie):
-			v(&cookie)
-		default:
-			if others[3] != nil {
-				cookie.Secure = true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(others) > 4 {
-		if v, ok := others[4].(bool); ok && v {
-			cookie.HttpOnly = true
-		} else if v, ok := others[4].(func(*http.Cookie)); ok {
-			v(&cookie)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(others) > 5 {
-		if v, ok := others[5].(time.Time); ok {
-			cookie.Expires = v
-			cookie.RawExpires = v.Format(time.UnixDate)
-		} else if v, ok := others[5].(func(*http.Cookie)); ok {
-			v(&cookie)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(others) > 6 {
-		for _, other := range others[6:] {
-			if v, ok := other.(func(*http.Cookie)); ok {
-				v(&cookie)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	resp.Header().Add("Set-Cookie", cookie.String())
-}
-
-// GetCookie returns given cookie value from request header.
-func GetCookie(req *http.Request, name string) string {
+// GetSiteCookie returns given cookie value from request header.
+func GetSiteCookie(req *http.Request, name string) string {
 	cookie, err := req.Cookie(name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return ""
@@ -192,3 +31,24 @@ func GetCookie(req *http.Request, name string) string {
 	val, _ := url.QueryUnescape(cookie.Value)
 	return val
 }
+
+// SetSiteCookie returns given cookie value from request header.
+func SetSiteCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter, name, value string, maxAge int) {
+	cookie := &http.Cookie{
+		Name:     name,
+		Value:    url.QueryEscape(value),
+		MaxAge:   maxAge,
+		Path:     setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath,
+		Domain:   setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
+		Secure:   setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
+		HttpOnly: true,
+		SameSite: setting.SessionConfig.SameSite,
+	}
+	resp.Header().Add("Set-Cookie", cookie.String())
+	if maxAge < 0 {
+		// There was a bug in "setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath" code, the old default value of it was empty "".
+		// So we have to delete the cookie on path="" again, because some old code leaves cookies on path="".
+		cookie.Path = strings.TrimSuffix(setting.SessionConfig.CookiePath, "/")
+		resp.Header().Add("Set-Cookie", cookie.String())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/web/middleware/locale.go b/modules/web/middleware/locale.go
index f60be4bbd..34a16f04e 100644
--- a/modules/web/middleware/locale.go
+++ b/modules/web/middleware/locale.go
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package middleware
 import (
 	"net/http"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/translation"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/translation/i18n"
 
@@ -49,23 +48,12 @@ func Locale(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) translation.Locale {
 }
 
 // SetLocaleCookie convenience function to set the locale cookie consistently
-func SetLocaleCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter, lang string, expiry int) {
-	SetCookie(resp, "lang", lang, expiry,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+func SetLocaleCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter, lang string, maxAge int) {
+	SetSiteCookie(resp, "lang", lang, maxAge)
 }
 
 // DeleteLocaleCookie convenience function to delete the locale cookie consistently
 // Setting the lang cookie will trigger the middleware to reset the language to previous state.
 func DeleteLocaleCookie(resp http.ResponseWriter) {
-	SetCookie(resp, "lang", "",
-		-1,
-		setting.AppSubURL,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Domain,
-		setting.SessionConfig.Secure,
-		true,
-		SameSite(setting.SessionConfig.SameSite))
+	SetSiteCookie(resp, "lang", "", -1)
 }
diff --git a/routers/install/install.go b/routers/install/install.go
index 8e2d19c73..8f8656230 100644
--- a/routers/install/install.go
+++ b/routers/install/install.go
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ func SubmitInstall(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 
 		days := 86400 * setting.LogInRememberDays
-		ctx.SetCookie(setting.CookieUserName, u.Name, days)
+		ctx.SetSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName, u.Name, days)
 
 		ctx.SetSuperSecureCookie(base.EncodeMD5(u.Rands+u.Passwd),
 			setting.CookieRememberName, u.Name, days)
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/auth.go b/routers/web/auth/auth.go
index 5fba63281..d8042afec 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/auth.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/auth.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func AutoSignIn(ctx *context.Context) (bool, error) {
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	uname := ctx.GetCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
+	uname := ctx.GetSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
 	if len(uname) == 0 {
 		return false, nil
 	}
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ func AutoSignIn(ctx *context.Context) (bool, error) {
 	defer func() {
 		if !isSucceed {
 			log.Trace("auto-login cookie cleared: %s", uname)
-			ctx.DeleteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
-			ctx.DeleteCookie(setting.CookieRememberName)
+			ctx.DeleteSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
+			ctx.DeleteSiteCookie(setting.CookieRememberName)
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func AutoSignIn(ctx *context.Context) (bool, error) {
 		return false, err
 	}
 
-	middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(ctx.Resp)
+	ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
 	return true, nil
 }
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func checkAutoLogin(ctx *context.Context) bool {
 	if len(redirectTo) > 0 {
 		middleware.SetRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp, redirectTo)
 	} else {
-		redirectTo = ctx.GetCookie("redirect_to")
+		redirectTo = ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to")
 	}
 
 	if isSucceed {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ func handleSignIn(ctx *context.Context, u *user_model.User, remember bool) {
 func handleSignInFull(ctx *context.Context, u *user_model.User, remember, obeyRedirect bool) string {
 	if remember {
 		days := 86400 * setting.LogInRememberDays
-		ctx.SetCookie(setting.CookieUserName, u.Name, days)
+		ctx.SetSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName, u.Name, days)
 		ctx.SetSuperSecureCookie(base.EncodeMD5(u.Rands+u.Passwd),
 			setting.CookieRememberName, u.Name, days)
 	}
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ func handleSignInFull(ctx *context.Context, u *user_model.User, remember, obeyRe
 	}
 
 	// Clear whatever CSRF cookie has right now, force to generate a new one
-	middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(ctx.Resp)
+	ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
 
 	// Register last login
 	u.SetLastLogin()
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ func handleSignInFull(ctx *context.Context, u *user_model.User, remember, obeyRe
 		return setting.AppSubURL + "/"
 	}
 
-	if redirectTo := ctx.GetCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 && !utils.IsExternalURL(redirectTo) {
+	if redirectTo := ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 && !utils.IsExternalURL(redirectTo) {
 		middleware.DeleteRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp)
 		if obeyRedirect {
 			ctx.RedirectToFirst(redirectTo)
@@ -368,10 +368,9 @@ func getUserName(gothUser *goth.User) string {
 func HandleSignOut(ctx *context.Context) {
 	_ = ctx.Session.Flush()
 	_ = ctx.Session.Destroy(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req)
-	ctx.DeleteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
-	ctx.DeleteCookie(setting.CookieRememberName)
-	middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(ctx.Resp)
-	middleware.DeleteLocaleCookie(ctx.Resp)
+	ctx.DeleteSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
+	ctx.DeleteSiteCookie(setting.CookieRememberName)
+	ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
 	middleware.DeleteRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp)
 }
 
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/oauth.go b/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
index b3c4a234c..287136e64 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ func handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx *context.Context, source *auth.Source, u *user_model
 		}
 
 		// Clear whatever CSRF cookie has right now, force to generate a new one
-		middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(ctx.Resp)
+		ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
 
 		// Register last login
 		u.SetLastLogin()
@@ -1148,7 +1148,7 @@ func handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx *context.Context, source *auth.Source, u *user_model
 			return
 		}
 
-		if redirectTo := ctx.GetCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 {
+		if redirectTo := ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 {
 			middleware.DeleteRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp)
 			ctx.RedirectToFirst(redirectTo)
 			return
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/openid.go b/routers/web/auth/openid.go
index aff2e5f78..5e0e7b258 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/openid.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/openid.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func SignInOpenID(ctx *context.Context) {
 	if len(redirectTo) > 0 {
 		middleware.SetRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp, redirectTo)
 	} else {
-		redirectTo = ctx.GetCookie("redirect_to")
+		redirectTo = ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to")
 	}
 
 	if isSucceed {
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/password.go b/routers/web/auth/password.go
index a5aa9c534..ed0412d74 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/password.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/password.go
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ func MustChangePasswordPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	log.Trace("User updated password: %s", u.Name)
 
-	if redirectTo := ctx.GetCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 && !utils.IsExternalURL(redirectTo) {
+	if redirectTo := ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 && !utils.IsExternalURL(redirectTo) {
 		middleware.DeleteRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp)
 		ctx.RedirectToFirst(redirectTo)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/web/home.go b/routers/web/home.go
index ecfecf6e6..b94e3e9eb 100644
--- a/routers/web/home.go
+++ b/routers/web/home.go
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func Home(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	// Check auto-login.
-	uname := ctx.GetCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
+	uname := ctx.GetSiteCookie(setting.CookieUserName)
 	if len(uname) != 0 {
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/login")
 		return
diff --git a/services/auth/auth.go b/services/auth/auth.go
index 00e277c41..905c776e5 100644
--- a/services/auth/auth.go
+++ b/services/auth/auth.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/webauthn"
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/session"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -91,5 +92,7 @@ func handleSignIn(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, sess SessionStore
 	middleware.SetLocaleCookie(resp, user.Language, 0)
 
 	// Clear whatever CSRF has right now, force to generate a new one
-	middleware.DeleteCSRFCookie(resp)
+	if ctx := gitea_context.GetContext(req); ctx != nil {
+		ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
+	}
 }
diff --git a/services/auth/sspi_windows.go b/services/auth/sspi_windows.go
index b6e8d4298..176f4f574 100644
--- a/services/auth/sspi_windows.go
+++ b/services/auth/sspi_windows.go
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/avatars"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/templates"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth/source/sspi"
@@ -46,9 +46,7 @@ var (
 // via the built-in SSPI module in Windows for SPNEGO authentication.
 // On successful authentication returns a valid user object.
 // Returns nil if authentication fails.
-type SSPI struct {
-	rnd *templates.HTMLRender
-}
+type SSPI struct{}
 
 // Init creates a new global websspi.Authenticator object
 func (s *SSPI) Init(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -58,7 +56,6 @@ func (s *SSPI) Init(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, s.rnd = templates.HTMLRenderer(ctx)
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -101,12 +98,9 @@ func (s *SSPI) Verify(req *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter, store DataStore,
 		}
 		store.GetData()["EnableOpenIDSignIn"] = setting.Service.EnableOpenIDSignIn
 		store.GetData()["EnableSSPI"] = true
-
-		err := s.rnd.HTML(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, string(tplSignIn), templates.BaseVars().Merge(store.GetData()))
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("%v", err)
-		}
-
+		// in this case, the store is Gitea's web Context
+		// FIXME: it doesn't look good to render the page here, why not redirect?
+		store.(*gitea_context.Context).HTML(http.StatusUnauthorized, tplSignIn)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if outToken != "" {
diff --git a/tests/integration/editor_test.go b/tests/integration/editor_test.go
index 791506d8f..495290ed5 100644
--- a/tests/integration/editor_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/editor_test.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"testing"
 
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ func TestCreateFileOnProtectedBranch(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
 		// Check if master branch has been locked successfully
-		flashCookie := session.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
+		flashCookie := session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)
 		assert.EqualValues(t, "success%3DBranch%2Bprotection%2Bfor%2Brule%2B%2527master%2527%2Bhas%2Bbeen%2Bupdated.", flashCookie.Value)
 
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ func TestCreateFileOnProtectedBranch(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.EqualValues(t, "/user2/repo1/settings/branches", res["redirect"])
 
 		// Check if master branch has been locked successfully
-		flashCookie = session.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
+		flashCookie = session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)
 		assert.EqualValues(t, "error%3DRemoving%2Bbranch%2Bprotection%2Brule%2B%25271%2527%2Bfailed.", flashCookie.Value)
 	})
diff --git a/tests/integration/git_test.go b/tests/integration/git_test.go
index d21f3994a..95c6d83e5 100644
--- a/tests/integration/git_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/git_test.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/lfs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -436,7 +437,7 @@ func doProtectBranch(ctx APITestContext, branch, userToWhitelist, unprotectedFil
 			ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
 		}
 		// Check if master branch has been locked successfully
-		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
+		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)
 		assert.EqualValues(t, "success%3DBranch%2Bprotection%2Bfor%2Brule%2B%2527"+url.QueryEscape(branch)+"%2527%2Bhas%2Bbeen%2Bupdated.", flashCookie.Value)
 	}
diff --git a/tests/integration/integration_test.go b/tests/integration/integration_test.go
index 716f6d44a..965bae576 100644
--- a/tests/integration/integration_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/integration_test.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/graceful"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@ func getTokenForLoggedInUser(t testing.TB, session *TestSession, scopes ...auth.
 	// Log the flash values on failure
 	if !assert.Equal(t, resp.Result().Header["Location"], []string{"/user/settings/applications"}) {
 		for _, cookie := range resp.Result().Cookies() {
-			if cookie.Name != "macaron_flash" {
+			if cookie.Name != gitea_context.CookieNameFlash {
 				continue
 			}
 			flash, _ := url.ParseQuery(cookie.Value)
diff --git a/tests/integration/mirror_push_test.go b/tests/integration/mirror_push_test.go
index b2ec6c093..9abae63b0 100644
--- a/tests/integration/mirror_push_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/mirror_push_test.go
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	gitea_context "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/repository"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ func doCreatePushMirror(ctx APITestContext, address, username, password string)
 		})
 		ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
 
-		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
+		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)
 		assert.Contains(t, flashCookie.Value, "success")
 	}
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ func doRemovePushMirror(ctx APITestContext, address, username, password string,
 		})
 		ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
 
-		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie("macaron_flash")
+		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)
 		assert.Contains(t, flashCookie.Value, "success")
 	}