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doc: enact bootstrapping section

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closes: #193
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David Arnold 2021-03-16 19:19:01 -05:00
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1
SUMMARY.md
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@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
- [Introduction](./README.md)
- [Quick Start](./doc/start/index.md)
- [ISO](./doc/start/iso.md)
- [Bootstrapping](./doc/start/bootstrapping.md)
- [From NixOS](./doc/start/from-nixos.md)
- [Layout](./doc/layout.md)
- [Cachix](./cachix/README.md)

2
doc/integrations/deploy.md
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@ -44,6 +44,6 @@ deploy "flk#hostName" --hostname host.example.com
```
> ##### _Note:_
> Your user will need sudo access
> Your user will need **passwordless** sudo access
[d-rs]: https://github.com/serokell/deploy-rs

99
doc/start/bootstrapping.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
# Bootstrapping
This will help you boostrap a bare host with the help of the
[bespoke iso](./iso) live installer.
_Note: nothing prevents you from remotely executing the boostrapping
process. See below._
Once your target host has booted into the live iso, you need to partion
and format your disk according to the [official manual][manual].
## Mount partitions
Then properly mount the formatted partitions at `/mnt`, so that you can
install your system to those new partitions.
Mount `nixos` partition to `/mnt` and — for UEFI — `boot`
partition to `/mnt/boot`:
```console
$ mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
$ mkdir -p /mnt/boot && mount /dev/disk/by-label/boot /mnt/boot # UEFI only
$ swapon /dev/$your_swap_partition
```
## Install
Install using the `flk` wrapper baked into the iso off of a copy of devos
from the time the iso was built:
```console
$ cd /iso/devos
$ nix develop
$ flk install NixOS --impure # use same host as above
```
<!-- TODO: find out why --impure is necesary / PRs welcome! -->
## Notes of interest
### Remote access to the live installer
The iso live installer comes preconfigured with a network configuration
which announces it's hostname via [MulticastDNS][mDNS] as `hostname.local`,
that is `NixOS.local` in the [iso example](./iso).
In the rare case that [MulticastDNS][mDNS] is not availabe or turned off
in your network, there is a static link-local IPv6 address configured to
`fe80::47`(mnemonic from the letter's position in the english alphabet:
`n=14 i=9 x=24; 47 = n+i+x`).
Provided that you have added your public key to the authorized keys of the
`root` user _(hint: [`deploy-rs`](../integrations/deploy) needs passwordless
sudo access)_:
```nix
{ ... }:
{
users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keyFiles = [
../secrets/path/to/key.pub
];
}
```
You can then ssh into the live installer through one of the
following options:
```console
ssh root@NixOS.local
ssh root@fe80::47%eno1 # where eno1 is your network interface on which you are linked to the target
```
_Note: the [static link-local IPv6 address][staticLLA] and [MulticastDNS][mDNS] is only
configured on the live installer. If you wish to enable [MulticastDNS][mDNS]
for your environment, you ought to configure that in a regular [profile](../../profiles)._
### EUI-64 LLA & Host Identity
The iso's IPv6 Link Local Address (LLA) is configured with a static 64-bit Extended
Unique Identifiers (EUI-64) that is derived from the host interface's Message
Authentication Code (MAC) address.
After a little while (a few seconds), you can remotely discover this unique and host
specific address over [NDP][NDP] for example with:
```console
ip -6 neigh show # also shows fe80::47
```
***This LLA is stable for the host, unless you need to swap that particular network card.***
Under this reservation, though, you may use this EUI-64 to wire up a specific
(cryptographic) host identity.
[manual]: https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-installation-partitioning
[mDNS]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS
[NDP]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol
[staticLLA]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7404

1
doc/start/index.md
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@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ In addition, the [binary cache](../../cachix) is added for faster deployment.
## Next Steps:
- [Make installable ISO](./iso.md)
- [Bootstrap Host](./bootstrapping.md)
- [Already on NixOS](./from-nixos.md)

91
doc/start/iso.md
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@ -10,42 +10,6 @@ dd bs=4M if=result/iso/*.iso of=/dev/$your_installation_device \
This works for any file matching `hosts/*.nix` excluding `default.nix`.
## Remote access to the live installer
The iso live installer comes preconfigured with a network configuration
which announces it's hostname via [MulticastDNS][mDNS] as `hostname.local`,
that is `NixOS.local` in the above example.
In the rare case that [MulticastDNS][mDNS] is not availabe or turned off
in your network, there is a static link-local IPv6 address configured to
`fe80::47`(mnemonic from the letter's position in the english alphabet:
`n=14 i=9 x=24; 47 = n+i+x`).
Provided that you have added your public key to the authorized keys of the
`nixos` user:
```nix
{ ... }:
{
users.users.nixos.openssh.authorizedKeys.keyFiles = [
../secrets/path/to/key.pub
];
}
```
You can then ssh into the live installer through one of the
following options:
```console
ssh nixos@NixOS.local
ssh nixos@fe80::47%eno1 # where eno1 is your network interface on which you are linked to the target
```
_Note: the [static link-local IPv6 address][staticLLA] and [MulticastDNS][mDNS] is only
configured on the live installer. If you wish to enable [MulticastDNS][mDNS]
for your environment, you ought to configure that in a regular [profile](../../profiles)._
## ISO image nix store & cache
The iso image holds the store to the live environment and _also_ acts as a binay cache
@ -58,58 +22,3 @@ those local cache hits.
For hosts that don't differ too much, a common usb stick might be ok, whereas when
there are bigger differences, a bespoke usb stick will be considerably faster.
## EUI-64 LLA & Host Identity
The iso's IPv6 Link Local Address (LLA) is configured with a static 64-bit Extended
Unique Identifiers (EUI-64) that is derived from the host interface's Message
Authentication Code (MAC) address.
After a little while (a few seconds), you can remotely disvover this unique and host
specific address over [NDP][NDP] for example with:
```console
ip -6 neigh show # also shows fe80::47
```
***This LLA is stable for the host, unless you need to swap that particular network card.***
Under this reservation, though, you may use this EUI-64 to wire up a specific
(cryptographic) host identity.
## Bootstrap Target Machine
_Note: nothing prevents you from remotely exceuting the boostrapping process._
Once your target host has booted into the live iso, you need to partion
and format your disk according to the [official manual][manual].
### Mount partitions
Then properly mount the formatted partitions at `/mnt`, so that you can
install your system to those new partitions.
Mount `nixos` partition to `/mnt` and &mdash; for UEFI &mdash; `boot`
partition to `/mnt/boot`:
```console
$ mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
$ mkdir -p /mnt/boot && mount /dev/disk/by-label/boot /mnt/boot # UEFI only
$ swapon /dev/$your_swap_partition
```
### Install
Install using the `flk` wrapper baked into the iso off of a copy of devos
from the time the iso was built:
```console
$ cd /iso/devos
$ nix develop
$ flk install NixOS --impure # use same host as above
```
<!-- TODO: find out why --impure is necesary / PRs welcome! -->
[manual]: https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-installation-partitioning
[mDNS]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS
[NDP]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol
[staticLLA]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7404