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The resources used by the infrastructure are in the https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/ organization.
There is a [dedicated chatroom](https://matrix.to/#/#forgejo-ci:matrix.org). A mirror of this repository is available at https://git.pub.solar/forgejo/infrastructure-documentation.
## LXC Hosts
All LXC hosts are setup with [lxc-helpers](https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers/).
```sh
name=forgejo-host
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_run $name -- sudo --user debian bash
```
See https://github.com/mikesart/inotify-info. Running multiple LXC
containers will quickly use the default limit (128 on bookworm).
```sh
echo fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sudo sysctl -p
```
### Unprivileged
```sh
name=forgejo-host
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_create --config "unprivileged" $name
echo "lxc.start.auto = 1" | sudo tee -a /var/lib/lxc/$name/config
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_start $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_user_install $name $(id -u) $USER
```
### Docker enabled
```sh
name=forgejo-host
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_create --config "docker" $name
echo "lxc.start.auto = 1" | sudo tee -a /var/lib/lxc/$name/config
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_start $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_install_docker $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_user_install $name $(id -u) $USER
```
### K8S enabled
```sh
name=forgejo-host
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_create --config "k8s" $name
echo "lxc.start.auto = 1" | sudo tee -a /var/lib/lxc/$name/config
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_start $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_user_install $name $(id -u) $USER
```
### Docker and LXC enabled
```sh
name=forgejo-host
ipv4=10.85.12
ipv6=fc33
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_create --config "docker lxc" $name
echo "lxc.start.auto = 1" | sudo tee -a /var/lib/lxc/$name/config
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_start $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_install_docker $name
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_install_lxc $name $ipv4 $ipv6
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_user_install $name $(id -u) $USER
```
## nftables
```sh
sudo nft list ruleset
```
## Host reverse proxy
The reverse proxy on a host forwards to the designated LXC container with
something like the following examples in
`/etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com`, where A.B.C.D is the
IP allocated to the LXC container running the web service.
And symlink:
```sh
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/example.com
```
The certificate is obtained once and automatically renewed with:
```
sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
sudo certbot -n --agree-tos --email contact@forgejo.org -d example.com --nginx
```
When removing a configuration, the certificate can also be removed with:
```
sudo certbot delete --cert-name example.com
```
Forwarding TCP streams (useful for ssh) requires installing the module:
```sh
sudo apt-get install libnginx-mod-stream
```
Rate limiting crawlers is done by adding the following to `/etc/nginx/conf.d/limit.conf`:
```
# http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.html
# https://blog.nginx.org/blog/rate-limiting-nginx
map $http_user_agent $isbot_ua {
default 0;
~*(GoogleBot|GoogleOther|bingbot|YandexBot) 1;
}
map $isbot_ua $limit_bot {
0 "";
1 $binary_remote_addr;
}
limit_req_zone $limit_bot zone=bots:10m rate=1r/m;
limit_req_status 429;
```
and the following in the location to be rate limited:
```
location / {
limit_req zone=bots burst=2 nodelay;
...
```
## Host wakeup-on-logs
https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/wakeup-on-logs
### K8S wakeup-on-logs script
```
$ cat /etc/wakeup-on-logs/forgejo-v8
#!/bin/bash
set -x
self="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
name=$(basename $self)
# keep it lower than https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/wakeup-on-logs
# otherwise it will get killed by it
timeout=4m
function lxc_run() {
lxc-attach $name -- sudo --user debian KUBECONFIG=/etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml "$@" |& tee -a /var/log/$name.log
}
image=codeberg.org/forgejo-experimental/forgejo
major=${name##*v}
digest=$(skopeo inspect --format "{{.Digest}}" docker://$image:$major-rootless)
values=https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/k8s/raw/branch/main/forgejo-v$major/values.yml
lxc_run helm upgrade forgejo -f $values -f /home/debian/secrets.yml oci://code.forgejo.org/forgejo-helm/forgejo --atomic --wait --timeout $timeout --install --set image.digest=$digest
```
### Forgejo example
```
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://A.B.C.D:8080;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
client_max_body_size 2G;
}
}
```
### GitLab example
```nginx
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com;
location / {
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
client_body_timeout 60;
client_max_body_size 200M;
send_timeout 1200;
lingering_timeout 5;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600s;
proxy_pass http://example.com;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
}
}
```
### Vanila example
```nginx
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://A.B.C.D;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
}
}
```
### 302 redirection
```nginx
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com;
return 302 https://other.example.com$request_uri;
}
```
## Forgejo runners
The LXC container in which the runner is installed must have capabilities that support the backend.
- docker:// needs a Docker enabled container
- lxc:// needs a Docker and LXC enabled container
The runners it contains are not started at boot, it must be done manually. The bash history has the command line to do so.
### Installation
```shell
version=3.5.0
sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/forgejo-runner-$version https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner/releases/download/v$version/forgejo-runner-$version-linux-amd64
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/forgejo-runner-$version
echo 'export TERM=xterm-256color' >> .bashrc
```
### Creating a runner
Multiple runners can co-exist on the same machine. To keep things
organized they are located in a directory that is the same as the URL
from which the token is obtained. For instance
DIR=codeberg.org/forgejo-integration means that the token was obtained from the
https://codeberg.org/forgejo-integration organization.
If a runner only provides unprivileged docker containers, the labels
in `config.yml` should be:
`labels: ['docker:docker://node:20-bookworm']`.
If a runner provides LXC containers and unprivileged docker
containers, the labels in `config.yml` should be
`labels: ['self-hosted:lxc://debian:bookworm', 'docker:docker://node:20-bookworm']`.
```shell
name=myrunner
mkdir -p $DIR ; cd $DIR
forgejo-runner generate-config > config-$name.yml
## edit config-$name.yml and adjust the `labels:`
## Obtain a $TOKEN from https://$DIR
forgejo-runner-$version register --no-interactive --token $TOKEN --name runner --instance https://codeberg.org
forgejo-runner-$version --config config-$name.yml daemon |& cat -v > runner.log &
```
## Octopuce
[Octopuce provides hardware](https://codeberg.org/forgejo/sustainability) managed by [the devops team](https://codeberg.org/forgejo/governance/src/branch/main/TEAMS.md#devops). It can only be accessed via SSH.
To access the services hosted on the LXC containers, ssh port forwarding to the private IPs can be used. For instance:
```sh
echo 127.0.0.1 private.forgejo.org >> /etc/hosts
sudo ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa -L 80:10.77.0.128:80 debian@forgejo01.octopuce.fr
firefox http://private.forgejo.org
```
### Containers
- `forgejo-host`
Dedicated to http://private.forgejo.org
- Docker enabled
- upgrades checklist:
```sh
emacs /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh # change the `image=`
docker stop forgejo
sudo rsync -av --numeric-ids --delete --progress /srv/forgejo/ /root/forgejo-backup/
docker rm forgejo
bash -x /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh
docker logs -n 200 -f forgejo
```
- `forgejo-runner-host`
Has runners installed to run against private.forgejo.org
- Docker and LXC enabled 10.85.12 fc33
## Hetzner
All hardware machines are running Debian GNU/linux bookworm. They are LXC hosts
setup with [lxc-helpers](https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers/).
> **NOTE:** only use [EX101 with a ASRockRack W680D4U-1L motherboard](https://forum.hetzner.com/index.php?thread/31135-all-ex101-with-asustek-w680-crash-on-sequential-read/).
### vSwitch
A vSwitch is assigned via the Robot console on all servers for backend communications
and [configured](https://docs.hetzner.com/robot/dedicated-server/network/vswitch#example-debian-configuration)
in /etc/network/interfaces for each of them with something like:
```
auto enp5s0.4000
iface enp5s0.4000 inet static
address 10.53.100.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
vlan-raw-device enp5s0
mtu 1400
```
The IP address ends with the same number as the hardware (hetzner02 => .2).
### DRBD
DRBD is [configured](https://linbit.com/drbd-user-guide/drbd-guide-9_0-en/#p-work) like in the following example with hetzner02 as the primary and hetzner03 as the secondary:
```sh
$ apt-get install drbd-utils
$ cat /etc/drbd.d/r0.res
resource r0 {
net {
# A : write completion is determined when data is written to the local disk and the local TCP transmission buffer
# B : write completion is determined when data is written to the local disk and remote buffer cache
# C : write completion is determined when data is written to both the local disk and the remote disk
protocol C;
cram-hmac-alg sha1;
# any secret key for authentication among nodes
shared-secret "***";
}
disk {
resync-rate 1000M;
}
on hetzner02 {
address 10.53.100.2:7788;
volume 0 {
# device name
device /dev/drbd0;
# specify disk to be used for device above
disk /dev/nvme0n1p5;
# where to create metadata
# specify the block device name when using a different disk
meta-disk internal;
}
}
on hetzner03 {
address 10.53.100.3:7788;
volume 0 {
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/nvme1n1p5;
meta-disk internal;
}
}
}
$ sudo drbdadm create-md r0
$ sudo drbdadm up r0
```
On hetzner02 (the primary), [pretend all is in sync](https://linbit.com/drbd-user-guide/drbd-guide-9_0-en/#s-skip-initial-resync) to save the initial bitmap sync since
there is actually no data at all.
```sh
sudo drbdadm new-current-uuid --clear-bitmap r0/0
```
The DRBD device is mounted on `/var/lib/lxc` in `/etc/fstab` there is a noauto line:
```
/dev/drbd0 /var/lib/lxc ext4 noauto,defaults 0 0
```
To prevent split brain situations a manual step is required at boot
time, on the machine that is going to be the primary.
```sh
sudo drbdadm up r0
sudo drbdsetup status
sudo drbdadm primary r0
sudo mount /var/lib/lxc
sudo lxc-autostart start
sudo lxc-ls -f
sudo drbdsetup status
```
### hetzner{01,04}
https://hetzner{01,04}.forgejo.org run on [EX101](https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/ex101) Hetzner hardware.
#### LXC
```sh
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_install_lxc_inside 10.41.13 fc29
```
#### Disk partitioning
- First disk
- OS
- a partition mounted on /srv where non precious data goes such as the LXC containers with runners.
- Second disk
- configured with DRBD for precious data.
#### Root filesystem backups
- `hetzner01:/etc/cron.daily/backup-hetzner04`
`rsync -aHS --delete-excluded --delete --numeric-ids --exclude /proc --exclude /dev --exclude /sys --exclude /precious --exclude /srv --exclude /var/lib/lxc 10.53.100.4:/ /srv/backups/hetzner04/ >& /var/log/$(basename $0).log`
- `hetzner04:/etc/cron.daily/backup-hetzner01`
`rsync -aHS --delete-excluded --delete --numeric-ids --exclude /proc --exclude /dev --exclude /sys --exclude /precious --exclude /srv --exclude /var/lib/lxc 10.53.100.1:/ /srv/backups/hetzner01/ >& /var/log/$(basename $0).log`
#### LXC containers
- `runner-lxc-helpers` (hetzner01)
Dedicated to Forgejo runners for the https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers project.
- K8S enabled
- code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers/config\*.yml
- `forgejo-runners` (hetzner01)
Dedicated to Forgejo runners for the https://codeberg.org/forgejo organization.
- Docker enabled
- codeberg.org/forgejo/config\*.yml
- `runner01-lxc` (hetzner01)
Dedicated to Forgejo runners for https://code.forgejo.org.
- Docker and LXC enabled 10.194.201 fc35
- code.forgejo.org/forgejo/config\*.yml
- code.forgejo.org/actions/config\*.yml
- code.forgejo.org/forgejo-integration/config\*.yml
- code.forgejo.org/forgejo-contrib/config\*.yml
- code.forgejo.org/f3/config\*.yml
- code.forgejo.org/forgefriends/config\*.yml
- `forgejo-v9` (hetzner04) same as `forgejo-v8`
- `forgejo-v8` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://v8.next.forgejo.org, see https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/k8s
- K8S enabled
- K8S wakeup-on-logs script /etc/wakeup-on-logs/forgejo-v8
- [Values file](https://code.forgejo.org/infrastructure/k8s/src/branch/main/forgejo-v8/values.yml)
- nginx forwarding of SSH streams in `/etc/nginx/modules-enabled/next.forgejo.org.conf`
```
stream {
# v8 ip's
upstream v8 {
least_conn;
server 10.41.13.27:2222;
}
# v8 definition
server {
listen 2080; # the port to listen on this server
listen [::]:2080;
proxy_pass v8; # forward traffic to this upstream group
proxy_timeout 3s;
proxy_connect_timeout 3s;
}
}
```
- `forgefriends-forum` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://forum.forgefriends.org
- Docker enabled
- `forgefriends-gitlab` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://lab.forgefriends.org
- Docker enabled
- `forgefriends-cloud` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://cloud.forgefriends.org
- Docker enabled
- `gna-forgejo` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://forgejo.gna.org
- Docker enabled
- `gna-forum` (hetzner04)
Dedicated to https://forum.gna.org
- Docker enabled
### hetzner{02,03}
https://hetzner02.forgejo.org & https://hetzner03.forgejo.org run on [EX44](https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/ex44) Hetzner hardware.
#### LXC
```sh
lxc-helpers.sh lxc_install_lxc_inside 10.6.83 fc16
```
#### Disk partitioning
- First disk
- OS
- a partition configured with DRBD for precious data mounted on /var/lib/lxc
- Second disk
- non precious data such as the LXC containers with runners.
#### Root filesystem backups
- `hetzner03:/etc/cron.daily/backup-hetzner02`
`rsync -aHS --delete-excluded --delete --numeric-ids --exclude /proc --exclude /dev --exclude /sys --exclude /srv --exclude /var/lib/lxc 10.53.100.2:/ /srv/backups/hetzner02/`
- `hetzner02:/etc/cron.daily/backup-hetzner03`
`rsync -aHS --delete-excluded --delete --numeric-ids --exclude /proc --exclude /dev --exclude /sys --exclude /srv --exclude /var/lib/lxc 10.53.100.3:/ /srv/backups/hetzner03/`
#### Public IP addresses
The public IP addresses attached to the hosts are not failover IPs that can be moved from one host to the next.
The DNS entry needs to be updated if the primary hosts changes.
When additional IP addresses are attached to the server, they are added to `/etc/network/interfaces` like
ipv4 65.21.67.71 and ipv6 2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::102 below.
```
auto enp5s0
iface enp5s0 inet static
address 65.21.67.73
netmask 255.255.255.192
gateway 65.21.67.65
# route 65.21.67.64/26 via 65.21.67.65
up route add -net 65.21.67.64 netmask 255.255.255.192 gw 65.21.67.65 dev enp5s0
# BEGIN code.forgejo.org
up ip addr add 65.21.67.71/32 dev enp5s0
up nft -f /home/debian/code.nftables
down ip addr del 65.21.67.71/32 dev enp5s0
# END code.forgejo.org
iface enp5s0 inet6 static
address 2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::2
netmask 64
gateway fe80::1
# BEGIN code.forgejo.org
up ip -6 addr add 2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::102/64 dev enp5s0
down ip -6 addr del 2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::102/64 dev enp5s0
# END code.forgejo.org
```
For port forwarding to work, the LXC host must not bind them. For instance the ssh server configuration at `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` should not bind all IP but only a specific one.
```
Port 22
AddressFamily inet
ListenAddress 65.21.67.73
#ListenAddress ::
```
#### Port forwarding
Forwarding a port to an LXC container can be done with [nginx streeam](https://nginx.org/en/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.html) for the public IP of code.forgejo.org (65.21.67.71 & 2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::102) to the private IP (10.6.83.195) of the `code` LXC container in `/etc/nginx/modules-enabled/ssh.conf`:
```
stream {
# code.forgejo.org ip's
upstream codessh {
least_conn;
server 10.6.83.195:22;
}
# code.forgejo.org definition
server {
listen 65.21.67.71:22; # the port to listen on this server
listen [2a01:4f9:3081:51ec::102]:22;
proxy_pass codessh; # forward traffic to this upstream group
proxy_timeout 3s;
proxy_connect_timeout 3s;
}
}
```
#### 302 redirects
- On hetzner02
- try.next.forgejo.org redirects to v(latest stable).next.forgejo.org
- dev.next.forgejo.org redirects to v(latest dev).next.forgejo.org
#### Containers
- `forgejo-code` on hetzner02
Dedicated to https://code.forgejo.org
- Docker enabled
- upgrades checklist:
- `ssh -t debian@hetzner02.forgejo.org lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_run forgejo-code -- sudo --user debian bash`
```sh
emacs /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh # change the `image=`
docker stop forgejo
```
- `ssh -t debian@hetzner02.forgejo.org sudo /etc/cron.daily/backup-forgejo-code`
- `ssh -t debian@hetzner02.forgejo.org lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_run forgejo-code -- sudo --user debian bash`
```sh
docker rm forgejo
bash -x /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh
docker logs -n 200 -f forgejo
```
- Rotating 30 days backups happen daily `/etc/cron.daily/forgejo-code-backup.sh`
- Add code.forgejo.org to the forgejo.org SPF record
- `forgejo-next` on hetzner02
Dedicated to https://next.forgejo.org
- Docker enabled
- `/etc/cron.hourly/forgejo-upgrade` runs `/home/debian/run-forgejo.sh > /home/debian/run-forgejo-$(date +%d).log`
- When a new major version is published (8.0 for instance) `run-forgejo.sh` must be updated with it
- Reset everything
```sh
docker stop forgejo
docker rm forgejo
sudo rm -fr /srv/forgejo.old
sudo mv /srv/forgejo /srv/forgejo.old
bash -x /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh
```
- `/home/debian/next.nftables`
```
add table ip next;
flush table ip next;
add chain ip next prerouting {
type nat hook prerouting priority 0;
policy accept;
ip daddr 65.21.67.65 tcp dport { 2020 } dnat to 10.6.83.213;
};
```
- Add to `iface enp5s0 inet static` in `/etc/network/interfaces`
```
up nft -f /home/debian/next.nftables
```
```
- `/etc/nginx/sites-available/next.forgejo.org` same as `/etc/nginx/sites-available/code.forgejo.org`
```
- `forgejo-v7` on hetzner02
Dedicated to https://v7.next.forgejo.org
- Docker enabled
- `/etc/cron.hourly/forgejo-upgrade` runs `/home/debian/run-forgejo.sh > /home/debian/run-forgejo-$(date +%d).log`
- Reset everything
```sh
docker stop forgejo
docker rm forgejo
sudo rm -fr /srv/forgejo.old
sudo mv /srv/forgejo /srv/forgejo.old
bash -x /home/debian/run-forgejo.sh
```
- `/home/debian/v7.nftables`
```
add table ip v7;
flush table ip v7;
add chain ip v7 prerouting {
type nat hook prerouting priority 0;
policy accept;
ip daddr 65.21.67.65 tcp dport { 2070 } dnat to 10.6.83.179;
};
```
- Add to `iface enp5s0 inet static` in `/etc/network/interfaces`
```
up nft -f /home/debian/v7.nftables
```
```
- `/etc/nginx/sites-available/v7.forgejo.org` same as `/etc/nginx/sites-available/code.forgejo.org`
```
- `static-pages` on hetzner02
See [the static pages documenation](../static-pages/) for more information.
- Unprivileged
- `runner-forgejo-helm` on hetzner03
Dedicated to https://codeberg.org/forgejo-contrib/forgejo-helm and running from an ephemeral disk
## Uberspace
The website https://forgejo.org is hosted at
https://uberspace.de/. The https://codeberg.org/forgejo/website/ CI
has credentials to push HTML pages there.
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