13 KiB
13 KiB
Notes on adding two disks to server nachtigall
Status after Hetzner support added two additional 1TB NVMe disks:
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1
├─nvme0n1p2 vfat FAT16 5494-BA1E 385M 21% /boot2
└─nvme0n1p3 zfs_member 5000 root_pool 8287701206764130981
nvme1n1
├─nvme1n1p1
├─nvme1n1p2 vfat FAT32 5493-EFF5 1.8G 5% /boot1
└─nvme1n1p3 zfs_member 5000 root_pool 8287701206764130981
nvme2n1
nvme3n1
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo fdisk -l /dev/nvme0n1
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: KXG60ZNV1T02 TOSHIBA
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 28F8681A-4559-4801-BF3F-BFEC8058236B
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/nvme0n1p2 4096 999423 995328 486M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p3 999424 2000408575 1999409152 953.4G Linux filesystem
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo fdisk -l /dev/nvme1n1
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A143A806-69C5-4EFC-8E34-20C35574D990
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/nvme1n1p2 4096 3905535 3901440 1.9G EFI System
/dev/nvme1n1p3 3905536 2000408575 1996503040 952G Linux filesystem
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo fdisk -l /dev/nvme2n1
Disk /dev/nvme2n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo fdisk -l /dev/nvme3n1
Disk /dev/nvme3n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partitioning and formatting the new disks /dev/nvme2n1 and /dev/nvme3n1:
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo fdisk /dev/nvme2n1
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS (MBR) disklabel with disk identifier 0x0852470c.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme2n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0852470c
Command (m for help): m
Help:
DOS (MBR)
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit nested BSD disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
Generic
d delete a partition
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu
u change display/entry units
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty MBR (DOS) partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 8CC98E3F-20A8-4A2D-8D50-9CD769EE4C65).
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme2n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 8CC98E3F-20A8-4A2D-8D50-9CD769EE4C65
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-2000409230, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2000409230, default 2000408575): 4095
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 MiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): L
1 EFI System C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
2 MBR partition scheme 024DEE41-33E7-11D3-9D69-0008C781F39F
3 Intel Fast Flash D3BFE2DE-3DAF-11DF-BA40-E3A556D89593
4 BIOS boot 21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649
5 Sony boot partition F4019732-066E-4E12-8273-346C5641494F
6 Lenovo boot partition BFBFAFE7-A34F-448A-9A5B-6213EB736C22
7 PowerPC PReP boot 9E1A2D38-C612-4316-AA26-8B49521E5A8B
8 ONIE boot 7412F7D5-A156-4B13-81DC-867174929325
9 ONIE config D4E6E2CD-4469-46F3-B5CB-1BFF57AFC149
10 Microsoft reserved E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE
11 Microsoft basic data EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
12 Microsoft LDM metadata 5808C8AA-7E8F-42E0-85D2-E1E90434CFB3
13 Microsoft LDM data AF9B60A0-1431-4F62-BC68-3311714A69AD
14 Windows recovery environment DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC
15 IBM General Parallel Fs 37AFFC90-EF7D-4E96-91C3-2D7AE055B174
16 Microsoft Storage Spaces E75CAF8F-F680-4CEE-AFA3-B001E56EFC2D
17 HP-UX data 75894C1E-3AEB-11D3-B7C1-7B03A0000000
18 HP-UX service E2A1E728-32E3-11D6-A682-7B03A0000000
19 Linux swap 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
20 Linux filesystem 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4
...
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 4
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'BIOS boot'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2):
First sector (4096-2000409230, default 4096):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (4096-2000409230, default 2000408575): 3901440
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1.9 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 1
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3):
First sector (3901441-2000409230, default 3903488):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (3903488-2000409230, default 2000408575):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 952 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme2n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 8CC98E3F-20A8-4A2D-8D50-9CD769EE4C65
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme2n1p1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/nvme2n1p2 4096 3901440 3897345 1.9G EFI System
/dev/nvme2n1p3 3903488 2000408575 1996505088 952G Linux filesystem
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~ took 5m41s
❯ sudo fdisk /dev/nvme3n1
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS (MBR) disklabel with disk identifier 0xa77eb504.
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 56B64CEE-5E0C-4EAA-AE2F-5BF4356183A5).
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-2000409230, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2000409230, default 2000408575): 4095
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1 MiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 4
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'BIOS boot'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2):
First sector (4096-2000409230, default 4096):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (4096-2000409230, default 2000408575): 3901440
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 1.9 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 1
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3):
First sector (3901441-2000409230, default 3903488):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (3903488-2000409230, default 2000408575):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 952 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme3n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 56B64CEE-5E0C-4EAA-AE2F-5BF4356183A5
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme3n1p1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/nvme3n1p2 4096 3901440 3897345 1.9G EFI System
/dev/nvme3n1p3 3903488 2000408575 1996505088 952G Linux filesystem
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/nvme2n1p2
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/nvme3n1p2
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1
├─nvme0n1p2 vfat FAT16 5494-BA1E 385M 21% /boot2
└─nvme0n1p3 zfs_member 5000 root_pool 8287701206764130981
nvme1n1
├─nvme1n1p1
├─nvme1n1p2 vfat FAT32 5493-EFF5 1.8G 5% /boot1
└─nvme1n1p3 zfs_member 5000 root_pool 8287701206764130981
nvme2n1
├─nvme2n1p1
├─nvme2n1p2 vfat FAT32 E4E4-88C7
└─nvme2n1p3
nvme3n1
├─nvme3n1p1
├─nvme3n1p2 vfat FAT32 E76C-A8A0
└─nvme3n1p3
Finally, adding the new drives to the ZFS zpool root_pool to extend available disk space:
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo zpool status
pool: root_pool
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:17:47 with 0 errors on Sat Mar 1 03:35:20 2025
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
root_pool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00_S676NF0R517371-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-KXG60ZNV1T02_TOSHIBA_Z9NF704ZF9ZL-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo zpool add root_pool mirror nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07_S77WNF0XA01902-part3 nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00_S676NU0W623944-part3
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo zpool status
pool: root_pool
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:17:47 with 0 errors on Sat Mar 1 03:35:20 2025
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
root_pool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00_S676NF0R517371-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-KXG60ZNV1T02_TOSHIBA_Z9NF704ZF9ZL-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HDLU-00B07_S77WNF0XA01902-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00_S676NU0W623944-part3 ONLINE 0 0 0
teutat3s in 🌐 nachtigall in ~
❯ sudo zfs list root_pool
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
root_pool 782G 1.04T 192K none